我国未来探月工程任务对材料需求展望

Prospect of Material Demand for Future Lunar Exploration Project in China

月球是深空探测的热点,也是美、欧等国家航天技术的竞技场。随着我国“绕、落、回”探月工程的成功实施,建设月球基地和月球空间站已成为新任务的论证热点,这将对材料提出新的需求和发展方向。本文在概述月球环境对航天材料的影响的基础上,分析我国未来探月工程的任务难点,并从轻量化结构、高效热管理、先进热防护、低温润滑、防尘、缓冲吸能等不同角度提出了探月工程对航天材料的新需求,最后给出了后续如何发展探月工程新材料新技术的建议。

The moon is not only a hot spot in deep space exploration,but also an arena for aerospace technology in the United States,Europe and other countries.With the successful implementation of China's"orbit,fall and return"lunar exploration project,the construction of lunar base and lunar space station has become the focus of demonstration of new tasks,which will put forward new requirements and development direction for materials.Based on an overview of the impact of the lunar environment on aerospace materials,the tasks and difficulties of China's future lunar exploration projects are analyzed,and the new requirements of lunar exploration projects for aerospace materials such as lightweight structure,efficient thermal management,advanced thermal protection,low-temperature lubrication,dust prevention,cushioning and energy absorption are put forward.Finally,some suggestions on how to develop new materials and technologies for the lunar exploration project are proposed.