律师查询人口信息行为的定性与规制

On the Nature and Regulation of Lawyers’ Inquiry into Population Information

中国多地公安机关出台了关于律师查询人口信息的规范性文件,但是各地的制度差异非常明显,也出现了信息查询者与信息主体之间权益保护失衡等问题,难以得到社会普遍认可。人口信息查询行为的性质不同于申请政府信息公开行为,也不属于律师行使调查权的行为。人口信息查询应当纳入政府提供便民服务的范畴。人口信息查询涉及律师执业需求、信息主体权益、公共服务供给公平性等多方主体及价值。应当以整体价值秩序的构建为目标,兼顾多方利益,基于特定的人口信息使用场景,重构查询主体、被查询对象、查询内容、查询模式等具体规则。

Public security organs in many places in China have issued normative documents on lawyers’ inquiry of population information, but there are obvious differences in different regions, and there are also problems such as the imbalance of rights and interests protection between information searchers and information subjects, which is difficult to be generally recognized by the society. The nature of lawyers’ population information inquiry behavior is different from the government information disclosure behavior, and lawyers do not need to exercise the investigation power, but the government should provide convenient services.Population information inquiry involves many subjects and values, such as lawyer’s practice demand, information subject’s rights and interests, public service supply fairness and so on. Therefore, we should take the construction of the overall value order as the goal, take into account the interests of various parties, and reconstruct the specific rules such as the query subject, the query object, the query content, and the query mode based on the specific use scenario of population information.