论“信赖保护原则”司法审查标准的规则创制

The Rule Formulation for the Judicial Review Standard of the"Trust-Protection Principle"

“信赖保护原则”是借鉴域外规则的典范之一。从立法层面看,由于信赖保护原则法律规范尚不完善,因此其规则创制更多地出现在司法案例当中。“周口益民案”是引入“信赖利益保护”理论比较典型的首起公报案例;“阿尔法拉瓦尔案”则创制了专利权司法审查中的“修改方式适度宽松”标准,以及“保护范围最大基准”标准。最高法院案例中,“饭垄堆案”通过创制“依法取得+不存在重大明显违法”标准、违法性继承的合法行为阻却规则、充分履行说明理由义务规则等,成为迄今在“信赖保护原则”审查标准规则创制领域最具法教义学价值的案例。信赖保护原则的引进和司法运用,标志着域外规则借鉴成为我国合法性司法审查标准规则创制不可或缺的重要一环。

The“trust-protection principle”is one of the models for the transplantation of extraterritorial rules.From the legislative level,the trust-protection principle still need to be improved,so its rule application appears more in judicial cases.In the fi eld of typical cases,“Zhoukou Yimin case”is the fi rst typical communique case to introduce the theory of“trust interest protection”,the“Alpha Laval case”created the standard of“moderately loose modifi cation method”and the standard of“maximum protection scope”in the judicial review of patent rights.Among the cases of the Supreme People’s Court of China,“Fanlong Dui case”has become the most valuable case of legal doctrine,in the field of“trust-protection principle”review standard rule creation so far,through the creation of“obtained in accordance with law+no signifi cant and obvious violation”standard,the rule of legal act obstruction of illegality inheritance,and the rule of fully fulfilling the obligation to explain the reason.The introduction and judicial application of the trust-protection principle indicates that the transplantation of extraterritorial rules has become an indispensable part of the creation of the legality judicial review standard rules in our country.