危害国家安全刑事案件中电子证据制度的建构与完善

Construction and Perfection of Electronic Evidence System in Cases Endangering National Security

为适应信息网络时代依法侦查、审理危害国家安全刑事犯罪案件的需要,我国已初步形成查办相关案件的电子证据规则制度。近年来有关侦查机关和人民法院均较好地发挥了电子证据制度在证据收集、提取、运用和转化等方面的制度效能。但是,针对该类案件的电子证据制度及其体系化建设机制尚未推出,新形势下仍存在电子证据弱化使用、电子证据非法证据排除、跨境在线取证、技术侦查电子证据举证质证困难等一系列困扰电子证据制度科学运行的认知分歧、制度失灵和现实掣肘。对此,建议从加强规章制度建设、提高业务流程合规性、提升专业人员技术水平等方面进一步努力,完善电子证据制度,有效提升司法机关在危害国家安全刑事案件中运用电子证据制度的办案能力,增强相关案件司法审理程序的质效。

In order to meet the needs of investigating and trial criminal cases endangering national security according to law in the information network era,China has initially formed a system of electronic evidence rules for investigating and handling relevant cases.In recent years,the relevant investigation organs and the people’s courts have given better play to the institutional eff ectiveness of the electronic evidence system in the collection,extraction,application and transformation of evidence.However,the electronic evidence system and its systematic construction mechanism for such cases have not been launched.Under the new situation,there are still a series of cognitive diff erences,system failures and practical constraints that perplex the scientific operation of the electronic evidence system,such as the weakening use of electronic evidence,the elimination of illegal electronic evidence,cross-border online evidence collection,and the difficulty of cross examination of electronic evidence in technical investigation.In this regard,it is suggested to make further efforts from the aspects of strengthening the construction of rules and regulations,improving process compliance and improving the technical level of professionals,improve the electronic evidence system,eff ectively improve the case handling ability of judicial organs in cases endangering national security,and enhance the quality and effi ciency of judicial proceedings of relevant cases.