近30年来青海省人口-经济-粮食区域差异与空间格局

Population-Economic-Grain Regional Difference and Spatial Pattern of Qinghai Province in the Past 30 Years

区域差异与发展不平衡是普遍存在的地理现象,剖析空间差异及其时空格局是地理学核心研究主题之一。为揭示青海省人口分布、经济发展、粮食生产的区域差异及空间演变特征,采用重心及空间耦合分析模型,计算青海省1990~2020年的GDP、人口和粮食重心,定量揭示三组重心的空间动态演变过程,并分析其驱动因子及耦合关系。结果表明:①三组重心均位于几何重心东北部,表明青海省东北部的河湟谷地是全省精华所在,自然条件和经济社会发展水平明显高于其他地区;②在研究时段内,青海省经济重心呈东-西向移动,移动幅度较大;人口重心整体向西南移动,移动幅度较小,处于相对稳定状态;粮食重心呈东南-西北向移动,重心跳动幅度最大,规律性不明显;③经济-粮食重心耦合性较低,经济-人口重心具有空间耦合性,粮食-人口重心具有高度耦合性。研究将重心与青海省经济发展、人口分布、粮食生产等要素结合,有助于揭示青海省相关要素的空间差异,对经济社会协调发展具有一定的参考价值。

Regional differences and unbalanced development are common geographic phenomena,and analyzing spatial differences and their temporal and spatial patterns is one of the core research topics of geography.In order to reveal the regional differences and spatial evolution characteristics of population distribution,economic development,and grain production in Qinghai Province,the center of gravity and spatial coupling analysis model is used to calculate the GDP,population,and center of gravity of Qinghai Province from 1990 to 2020,and quantitatively reveal the space of the three centers of gravity Dynamic evolution process,and analyze its driving factors and coupling relationships.The results show that:①The three groups of gravity centers are located in the northeast of the geometric center of gravity,indicating that the Hehuang Valley in the northeast of Qinghai Province is the highlight of the province,and the natural conditions and economic and social development levels are significantly higher than other regions;②During the study period,Qinghai Province The economic center of gravity moves east-westward,with a large range of movement;the population center of gravity moves to the southwest as a whole,with a small range of movement,and is relatively stable;the center of gravity of grain moves in a southeast-northwest direction,with the largest beating amplitude of the center of gravity,and the regularity is not obvious;③Economy-grain center of gravity is relatively low,economy-population center of gravity is spatially coupled,and food-population center of gravity is highly coupled.The combination of the focus with the economic development,population distribution and grain production of Qinghai Province will help to reveal the spatial differences of relevant factors in Qinghai Province and has certain reference value for the coordinated economic and social development.