基于儿童认知特点的骨折患儿围手术期焦虑管理的实践效果

Practical Effect of Anxiety Management Plan for Children with Perioperative Fracture Based on Children’s Cognitive Characteristics

目的探讨基于不同阶段儿童认知特点制定的骨折患儿围手术期焦虑管理方案在临床中的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月至2021年5月我院骨科收治的需手术治疗的四肢骨折患儿160例。将2020年6月至11月收治的80例骨折患儿纳入对照组,围手术期实施常规管理方案;2020年12月至2021年5月收治的80例骨折患儿纳入观察组,围手术期实施基于儿童认知特点的焦虑管理方案。采用改良耶鲁术前焦虑量表(m-YPAS)测评患儿入院时、术前30 min的焦虑评分;特质焦虑量表(T-AI)和状态焦虑量表(S-AI)分别测评患儿家属入院时和手术等待期的焦虑评分;满意度调查问卷调查患儿家长对护理的满意度。观察两组患儿焦虑评分、家属焦虑评分以及对护理工作的满意情况。结果术前30 min,观察组患儿焦虑评分为(45.84±6.75)分,显著低于对照组的(57.91±6.96)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组患儿家属手术等待期的S-AI评分为(37.35±4.51)分,显著低于对照组的(46.25±5.74)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组家长对护理的满意度显著高于对照组为(95%vs.75%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.549,P<0.001)。结论基于儿童认知特点的骨折患儿围手术期焦虑管理方案有利于改善患儿和家属焦虑,提高患儿家长对护理工作的满意度,促进患儿舒适。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of perioperative anxiety management plan for children with fracture based on the cognitive characteristics of children at different stages.Methods One hundred and sixty children with limb fractures requiring surgical treatment were selected from the orthopaedics department of our hospital from June 2020 to May 2021.Eighty children with fracture treated from June to November 2020 were included in the control group,and the routine management plan was implemented during the perioperative period.From December 2020 to May 2021,80 children with fracture were included in observation group,and an anxiety management plan based on children’s cognitive characteristics was implemented during the perioperative period.The modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale(m-YPAS)was used to evaluate the anxiety scores of children at admission and 30 min before operation.Trait Anxiety Scale(T-AI)and State Anxiety Scale(S-AI)were used to evaluate the anxiety scores of children’s family members at admission and waiting period for operation.The satisfaction questionnaire was used to investigate the satisfaction of children’s parents with nursing.The anxiety score,family anxiety score and satisfaction with nursing work of the two groups were observed.Results Thirty min before operation,the anxiety score of children in the observation group was 45.84±6.75,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(57.91±6.96,P<0.001).The S-AI score of family members in the observation group was 37.35±4.51,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(46.25±5.74,P<0.05).The satisfaction degree of parents in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(95%vs.75%,χ2=12.549,P<0.001).Conclusion The perioperative anxiety management plan for children with fracture based on children’scognitive characteristics is conducive to improve the anxiety of children and their families,increase thesatisfaction degree of children’s parents with nursing work,and promote the comfort of children.