列斐伏尔的西方马克思主义空间政治学及其启示

Lefebvre’s Western Marxist Spatial Politics and Its Enlightenment

列斐伏尔批判了把空间当作社会关系演变的静止“容器”或“平台”的传统社会政治主张,进而认为空间是历史的、变化的、发展的。他的空间的生产理论展现为相互密切联系的三个维度,即空间实践、空间的表象和再现性空间。城市空间是列斐伏尔探讨的重点问题之一,因为资本主义就是靠城市空间的生产使之成为一种特殊的商品。所以,他竟直把空间作为城市化的谋划的对象。其“空间的生产”转向具有空间维度的本体论意蕴,但是其真正的意图不在于此,而在于构筑一种新的空间政治学,以弥补马克思在此方面的不足。在空间的问题上,列斐伏尔不是要否定马克思的历史唯物主义,而是夸大了空间在历史唯物主义中的总体性价值。尽管如此,他的空间政治学思想仍然具有重要的理论价值和时代的启迪意义。

Lefebvre criticizes the traditional socio-political view that space is regarded as a static“container”or“platform”for the evolution of social relations,and proposes that space is historical,changing and developing.His theory of space production shows three closely related dimensions:space practice,space representation and representational space.Urban space is one of the key issues discussed by Lefebvre,because capitalism relies on the production of urban space to make it a special commodity.Therefore,he simply took the space as the object of urbanization planning.His“production of space”turns to ontology with spatial dimension,but his real intention is not to do so,but to construct a new spatial politics to make up for Marx’s shortcomings in this aspect.On the question of space,Lefebvre does not want to deny Marx’s historical materialism,but exaggerates the total value of space in historical materialism.Nevertheless,his thought of space politics still has important theoretical value and enlightenment significance of The Times.