突发公共卫生安全法制机制设计理论探寻

Theoretical Exploration for Design of Legal Institution for Public Health Safety Emergencies

突发公共卫生安全事件有着扩散快、范围大、突发性强等对于正常社会秩序破坏极大的特点。正是这些特点,要求国家与社会需要提前构建起突发公共卫生安全事件的法制体制。本文从地方、国家、国际三个维度进行公共卫生机制设计的法制构建,结合三个维度对突发公共卫生安全事件的机制设计进行分析,通过论述福柯关于治理术的思想,为建立起长效的常态化防控机制与应急反应管理机制提供理论支撑和理论基点,并在此基础上提出机制设计的建议与看法。

Public health emergencies feature fast spread, wide range and sudden outburst and cause destructive effects to normal social order. Making allowance for the characteristics, a legal institution needs to be erected by the state and society beforehand in response. This paper is concerned with the construction of the legal institution for public health from three perspectives: local, national and international. Upon analysis on the institutional design for public health safety emergencies from the three perspectives and elaboration on Foucault’s governmentality, a foundation is laid for establishing a long-term normalized prevention and control mechanism and emergency response management mechanism in theory, whereby relevant proposals and opinions on institutional design are offered.