葡萄日灼病发生机理研究进展

Research progress on occurrence mechanism of grape sunburn

日灼病是葡萄生产中一种严重的生理病害。强烈光线直接照射、紫外线辐射以及高气温等因素的协同作用是日灼病发生的主要原因,空气湿度、风速、土壤水分等环境因素在一定程度上可以缓解或加剧日灼症状,受到这些胁迫后,浆果会运转如抗氧化酶系统、合成热休克蛋白等一系列机制来保持自身生理活动的正常进行,但随着胁迫程度的加剧或胁迫时间的增长,这些机制终会变得低效,最终导致日灼症状的出现。近年来,随着极端高温和干旱天气的频繁出现,日灼病时常发生,严重影响葡萄产业的健康发展。对此,本文对葡萄果实日灼病的发病机理、果实自身的抗氧化机制以及防控技术进行综述,为葡萄果实日灼病防控提供参考。

Sunburn is a serious physiological disease in grape production.The main cause of sunburn is the synergistic effect of strong light,ultraviolet radiation,and high temperature.Air humidity,wind speed,soil moisture and other environmental factors can alleviate or increase the symptoms of sunburn to a certain extent.Under these stresses,berries will operate,such as antioxidant enzyme system and synthetic heat sink.However,with the aggravation of stress or the increase of stress time,these mechanisms will eventually become inefficient and eventually lead to sunburn.In recent years,with the frequent occurrence of extreme high temperature and drought,sunburn often occurs,which seriously affects the healthy development of grape industry.In this paper,the pathogenesis of grape berry sunburn,the antioxidant mechanism of the fruit itself and the prevention and control technology were reviewed to provide reference for the prevention and control of grape sunburn.