2010年以来中国葡萄育种研究进展

Research progress on grape breeding in China since 2010

通过在中国知网检索近十年有关葡萄新品种育成报道的相关文献,汇总品种数据,对育种机构、育种材料、育种方式、育成品种主要性状及用途等方面进行分析和总结。共汇总葡萄品种124个,包括鲜食品种104个,鲜食与制干兼用品种4个,酿酒品种17个,砧木品种6个,且以有核和香味品种居多;涉及育种机构51个,主要以国有科研院校为主;利用育种材料96份,育种方式有杂交育种、无性系选种、实生选种、自交育种、野生资源收集筛选5种,且以常规杂交为主。调查发现,近十年推出的品种在实际生产中还未得到有效利用,扩繁和配套栽培技术正处于研发之中,推广面积还较少,有待进一步加强。

Having searched new grape variety breeding reports related to the literature in recent ten years through CNKI,this article summarized the variety data,analyzed the breeding institutions,breeding materials,breeding methods,main characters and uses of the varieties.A total of 124 grape varieties had been collected,including 104 table grape varieties,4 table and dry varieties,17 wine grape varieties,6 rootstock varieties,and most of them have seeds and fragrance.These varieties involved 51 breeding institutions,mainly state-owned scientific research institutions;96 varieties were used as breeding materials,and the breeding methods were hybridization,clonal selection,seed selection,self-crossing breeding,and collection and screening of wild resources,and conventional hybridization was the main method.It was found that the varieties bred in recent ten years have not been effectively used in actual production,and the propagation and matching cultivation techniques were under research and development,and the area of popularization was still small,which needs to be further strengthened.