“废名圈”新诗批评话语的生成

The Generation of Critical Discourse of New Poetry in“Fei Ming Circle”

“废名圈”是中国现代新诗史上一个真实存在的派别,在新诗创作和批评方面均有独特的造就。20世纪30年代中前期这一派圈子形成,同时形成了谈诗、讲诗、论诗的风气。这一风气一直延续到沦陷后的北平诗坛,北平沦陷区的教育、文化环境为这一派诗学话语的生成提供了条件。“废名圈”围绕自由诗这一观念和理想,建构自己的新诗批评话语。这既离不开对当时新诗发展问题的正视,也离不开对中国古典诗学和西方现代诗学的选择性继承。“废名圈”新诗批评话语也是一种隐微的政治性话语。考察这一派新诗批评话语的生成过程和意味,有助于更好地认识这一派的具体存在,认识中国现代新诗史和新诗批评史的发展。

“Fei Ming Circle”is a real school in the history of modern Chinese new poetry,contributing to unique achievements in the creation and criticism of new poetry.In the early and middle 1930s,the“circle”of this school began to take shape,and during the same period,the atmosphere of discussion,speech and criticism related to new poetry was formed.This fashion was carried over into Beiping poetry after Beiping was captured by the Japanese army.The educational and cultural environment provided conditions for the generation of poetic discourse of this school in the enemy occupied areas of Beiping.“Fei Ming Circle”constructed its own critical discourse of new poetry around the concept and ideal of“free poetry”.This phenomenon is not only indispensable to the development of new poetry at that time,but also inseparable from the selective inheritance of Chinese classical poetics and western modern poetics.Moreover,the critical discourse of new poetry in“Fei Ming Circle”is a subtle political discourse.Investigation of the generation process and significance of this school’s new poetry critical discourse will help us better understand the concrete existence of this school and the development of the history of modern Chinese new poetry and new poetry criticism.