交通–配电网耦合下电动汽车集群可调控裕度及优化运行策略

Dispatchable Margin and Optimal Operation Strategy of Electric Vehicle Clusters in Coupled Transportation-distribution Network

规模化电动汽车接入电网在各时段均存在一定可调控潜力,可通过充放电优化运行的方式调控电动汽车集群参与电网需求响应,提升配电网充裕水平。提出了一种交通–配电网耦合模式下的电动汽车集群可调控裕度及优化运行策略,利用挖掘出的灵活性对配电网可靠性进行提升。首先建立交通–配电网耦合系统,模拟用户状态参数变化得到日内电动汽车用户初始充电负荷时空分布。以电量–时间响应裕度指标为依据将各节点入网电动汽车聚类为充电集群,可延迟充电集群和放电能力集群。之后根据交通–配电网耦合关系分析得到各配电网节点的动态可调控裕度,进而实现对各节点电动汽车集群参与响应的协同优化调控。仿真结果表明,基于交通–配电网耦合下电动汽车集群可调控裕度所提的优化运行策略可在兼顾用户出行的同时提升电网可靠性。

There is a certain dispatchable potential for the large-scale electric vehicles(EVs) connected to the grid at different times. EVs may participate in the demand response of the power grid by the optimal operation of charging/discharging so as to enhance the sufficiency level of the distribution network. A dispatchable margin and optimal operation strategy of EV clusters in coupled transportation-distribution network is proposed, the tapped flexibility of which is used to enhance the reliability of the distribution network. Firstly, the coupling system of transportation-distribution network is established, in which the state parameter changes are simulated, and the time-space distribution of the initial charging loads of the EV owners in the day is obtained. According to the SOC-time responsive margin index, the EV connected grid at each node are clustered into a charging group, a delayed charging group and a discharging capability group. After that, the dynamic dispatchable margin of each distribution network node at different times is obtained according to the coupling relationship analysis of the transportation-distribution network and the collaborative optimal dispatching of the EV participating response is realized. The simulation results show that the optimal dispatch strategy of EVs based on dispatchable margins under a coupling system of transportation-distribution network can enhance the reliability of the distribution network while taking into account the travel of EV owners.