江西省477名骨科护士心理健康、心理资本与留职意愿现状调查

A survey of mental health,psychological capital and retention intention in 477 orthopedic nurses in Jiangxi Province

目的了解江西省骨科护士心理健康、心理资本和留职意向状况并分析其相关因素,为骨科护理管理者采取针对性措施提供参考。方法2020年7—11月采用方便抽样法选取江西省477名骨科护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、一般健康问卷、心理资本量表、留职意向量表进行调查。结果477名骨科护士心理健康得分为9.28±2.89,心理健康状况不良者占18.7%;心理资本得分为70.76±13.43;留职意愿得分为14.78±2.29。骨科护士心理健康与心理资本、留职意愿得分均呈负相关(r=-0.835、-0.641,均P<0.01)。多元回归分析结果显示,心理资本、工作年限、职称、工作压力情况、职业紧张程度、年龄及留职意向是骨科护士心理健康的主要影响因素,可解释其74.3%的变异。结论骨科护士心理健康状况处于中等水平,有待改善,护理管理者应采取适当干预措施,提高其心理资本和留职意向,促进职业幸福感将有利于改善其心理健康状况。

Objective To understand the status of mental health,psychological capital and retention intention in orthopedic nurses in Jiangxi Province,analyze their related factors,and provide reference for surgical nursing managers to take targeted measures.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 477 orthopedic nurses as the survey object from July to November in2020,and the general data questionnaire,general health questionnaire,psychological capital scale,and retention intention scale were used in investigation.Results The mental health score of 477 orthopedic nurses was 9.28±2.89 and those with poor mental health accounted for 18.7%.The psychological capital score was 70.76±13.43,and the retention intention was score was 14.78±2.29.The mental health of orthopedic nurses was negatively correlated with the scores of psychological capital and retention intention(r=-0.835,-0.641,both P<0.01).The results of multiple regression analysis showed that psychological capital,length of work,job title,work pressure,occupational stress,age and retention intention were the main factors influencing the mental health of orthopedic nurses,which could explain 74.3% of the variance.Conclusion The mental health status of orthopedic nurses is at a medium level and needs to be improved.Nursing managers should take appropriate intervention measures to increase their psychological capital and retention intention,and promote occupational well-being,which will be conducive to improvement of their mental health status.