大学生生命意义感、领悟社会支持与心理弹性的关系研究

Study on relationship among sense of life meaning,perceived social support and psychological resilience in college students

目的探讨领悟社会支持对大学生生命意义感的影响,考察心理弹性在二者之间的中介作用,从积极心理学角度对生命教育提出新理念。方法2020年12月,随机抽样方式对陕西省某高校253名在校大学生采用生活目的量表、领悟社会支持量表、心理弹性量进行问卷调查。结果大学生生命意义感总均分为97.90±16.10,领悟社会支持总均分为62.98±13.17,心理弹性总均分为85.08±12.82。不同性别大学生的心理弹性总分与领悟社会支持总分比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.05、1.03,均P<0.05),男生心理弹性总分高于女生,女生领悟社会支持总分高于男生;不同专业大学生在生命意义感生命热枕维度比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.39,P<0.05),理科生高于文科生;是否为独生子女、不同家庭所在地的大学生在生命意义感未来期许维度上差异均有统计学意义(t=0.82、0.54,均P<0.05),独生子女高于非独生子女,农村户口高于城镇户口。大学生生命意义感总分与领悟社会支持总分和心理弹性总分均呈正相关(r=0.610、0.636,均P<0.01)。心理弹性在大学生生命意义感与领悟社会支持之间起部分中介作用(β=0.437,t=8.384,P<0.01)。结论大学生生命意义感受到领悟社会支持的影响,且心理弹性起部分影响作用。

Objective To explore the influence of perceived social support on college students’sense of life meaning,investigate the mediating role of psychological resilience between them,and put forward a new concept of life education from the perspective of positive psychology.Methods In December 2020,253 college students were collected in a university in Shaanxi Province by the random sampling,and a questionnaire investigation was conducted by life purpose scale,perceived social support scale,and psychological resilience scale.Results The total average scores of sense of life meaning,perceived social support and psychological resilience were 97.90±16.10,62.98±13.17 and 85.08±12.82,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the total scores of psychological resilience and perceived social support in different genders(t=2.05,1.03,both P<0.05),and the total score of psychological resilience of male students was higher than that of female students,while the total score of perceived social support of female students was higher than that of male students.There was statistically significant difference in the life enthusiasm dimension of sense of life meaning among college students in different majors(t=2.39,P<0.05),and the science students were higher than liberal arts students.There were statistically significant differences in the future expectations dimension of sense of life meaning among college students whether they were the only child or not,and from different family location(t=0.82,0.54,both P<0.05),and the students of only child was higher than the non only child,while the rural household registration was higher than the urban household registration.The total score of sense of life meaning was positively correlated with the total score of perceived social support and the total score of psychological resilience(r=0.610,0.636,both P<0.01).Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between the sense of meaning of life and perceived social support(β=0.437,t=8.384,P<0.01).Conclusion College students’sense of life significance is influenced by perceived social support,and psychological resilience plays a partial role.