中药在抗癫痫中的应用及癫痫生物模型研究进展

Recent Advance on Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Epilepsy Treatment and Biological Epilepsy Models

癫痫作为一种常见的脑部神经疾病,严重危害着人们的身心健康。目前治疗癫痫的药物以西药为主,但西药不良反应大,还会出现反弹,加之癫痫的发作机制复杂,西药已无法应对当前国内严峻的癫痫形势。中药是中华民族战胜疾病的有力武器,具有安全、整体调节、不良反应小、易获得等优点,这无疑是抗癫痫药物研发的最好方向。总结了天麻、石菖蒲、钩藤、川芎、丹参、姜黄、全蝎、蜈蚣等25味中药及其抗癫痫作用机制,以及当前用于癫痫研究的盘状网柄菌、秀丽隐杆线虫、黑腹果蝇、斑马鱼、小鼠、大鼠、兔、猫、狗、猴等10种癫痫生物模型,以期为抗癫痫药物的开发和癫痫发病机制的研究提供帮助。

Epilepsy, as a common neurological disease in the brain, seriously endangers people’s physical and mental health. At present, Western medicine is the main and common drug to treat epilepsy. However, Western medicine has several defects, such as severe side effects and high disease relapse. In addition, the mechanism underlying epilepsy is complex, making western medicine unable to deal with the serious situation of epilepsy in China. Traditional Chinese medicine is a powerful weapon for the Chinese nation to fight against diseases, which has the advantages of safety, whole regulative action, slight side effects and easy access. It is undoubtedly the best direction for the research and development of anti-epileptic drugs. Here, 25 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines including Tianma(Gastrodiae Rhizoma), Shichangpu(Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Gouteng(Uncariae Ramulus Cumuncis), Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Jianghuang(Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), Quanxie(Scorpio) and Wugong(Scolopendra) as well as their anti-epileptic mechanisms were reported. We also summarized 10 kinds of biological epilepsy models including Dictyostelium discoideus, cryptostrongylus elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, zebrafishes, mice, rats, rabbits, cats, dogs and monkeys, which are currently used in the study of epilepsy to shed light on the development of antiepileptic drugs and the study of epileptic pathogenesis.