中药纳米递药系统治疗脑部疾病的研究进展

Research Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanocarrier-Based Delivery System for Treatment of Brain Diseases

脑部疾病在临床上很常见,严重危害人类健康。药物要进入脑部发挥作用,首先要突破的是血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier, BBB),即脑部毛细血管与脑组织之间的生理屏障,有稳定脑环境的作用,选择性转运入脑药物,98%以上的药物难以通过BBB入脑,治疗作用减弱。目前的主要方法之一是采用纳米递药系统以增加药物的脑内递送。在脑部疾病的治疗中,中药具有独特优势。回顾中药治疗脑部疾病的悠久历史,从主动靶向、被动靶向和物理化学靶向3个方面对中药纳米递药系统治疗脑部疾病的研究进展进行综述,为进一步研究和开发中药纳米脑靶向制剂提供参考。

Brain diseases are very common clinically and endanger human health. The first obstacle to break through for drugs to enter the brain is the blood-brain barrier(BBB), which is the physiological barrier between the capillaries and brain tissue in the brain. It can maintain the stability of the environment in the brain, but it can also selectively prevent substances from entering the brain. More than 98% of the drugs are difficult to enter the brain, and the therapeutic effect is weakened. The current approach is to use nanocarrier-based delivery systems to increase the in-brain delivery of drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of brain diseases. This article reviewed the long history of traditional Chinese medicine treating brain diseases. It summarized the research advances of traditional Chinese medicine nano-brain targeted drug delivery system from three aspects of active targeting, passive targeting and physicochemical targeting and provided ideas for further research and development of brain-targeted preparations of traditional Chinese medicine.