嗜角蛋白真菌耐药性研究进展

Research advances in drug resistance of keratinophilic fungi

嗜角蛋白真菌感染能引起人体皮肤浅表和深部疾病,其感染发生率近年来呈逐年增加趋势。广谱抗生素是目前广泛用于治疗嗜角蛋白真菌感染的药物种类之一,但由于可选择药物种类有限,因此多数嗜角蛋白真菌感染患者存在长期、过度使用单一广谱抗生素的情形,这可能直接或间接导致嗜角蛋白真菌耐药性形成,严重制约嗜角蛋白真菌感染疾病治疗效果,从而加重嗜角蛋白真菌感染疾病的传染风险,成为影响全球公共卫生健康的重大威胁因素之一。本文就嗜角蛋白真菌致病类型、常用药物、药物作用机理、耐药性形成及影响因素方面的研究进展进行综述,并提出了嗜角蛋白真菌耐药性未来的研究内容及方向。以期为嗜角蛋白真菌感染治疗、真菌耐药性形成机理及预防真菌感染提供新的思路和参考。

Keratinophilic fungi(KF) infection can cause superficial and deep diseases of human skin, and the morbidity of KF infection is on the increase in recent years. Broad-spectrum antibiotics(BSA) are one of the drug types currently widely used in treatment of KF infections.However, due to the limited choice of drugs, most patients make excessive use of a single BSA for a long time. This may directly or indirectly lead to the formation of drug resistance of KF,resulting in severe restriction on effectiveness of the treatment, and increasing the risk of infection, and therefore threatening global public health. This article reviewed the research progress of KF pathogenic types, drugs in common use, and their functional mechanism,resistance formation and influencing factors. The future research orientation of KF resistance is also put forward, in order to provide new ideas and reference for the prevention and treatment of KF infection.