女性家庭地位越高就越幸福吗?

Does a Woman’s High Family Status Make Her Happier?

人们普遍认为,女性家庭地位越高就会越幸福。然而,本文使用中国家庭追踪调查数据,基于有序响应模型和条件混合过程法,研究发现女性拥有更多家庭事务决策权未必能改善其幸福感。分样本回归显示,对于受教育少以及受强外部传统文化规范约束的女性群体,家庭决策权对其幸福感的负向影响尤为显著。这一发现,对将来关于个体幸福感的研究具有重要启示,即只有把外部文化规范等社会背景考虑进来,家庭决策者身份的幸福效应方向才能最终确认。此外,本文关于传统文化规范力量仍然主导着女性幸福感的发现,也为政府部门制定致力于赋权女性的政策提供了论证基点。

It is widely believed that the higher the family status a woman has,the happier she is.However,using the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)data,based on the ordinal response model and conditional mixed process method,we find that women’s possession of decision-making power on family affairs does not necessarily improve their happiness.Sub-sample regression analysis shows that for women with either less education or more restriction from strong external traditional norms,women’s family decision-making power has a particularly significant negative effect on their happiness.The finding has important implications for future research on individual happiness.Only when social backgrounds such as external cultural norms are taken into account can the direction of the happiness effect of family decision-making power be finally confirmed.In addition,the finding that traditional cultural norms still dominate women’s happiness also provides an argument basis for government departments to formulate policies dedicated to empowering women.