联结与区隔:基础设施的两面性及其政策启示

Connectivity and Segregation:The Duality of Infrastructure and its Policy Implications

基础设施既是解决问题的普遍方案,又是无所不在的问题。一方面,基础设施的建设并非单纯的工程技术实践,作为一种权力运作的工具,基础设施能够在现实和想象两个层面发挥联结效应,为政治整合与认同构建提供渠道和场景。另一方面,基础设施不会完全依照理想模式而发挥作用,其不确定性可能诱发复杂的区隔效应,引入新的不平等或强化已有的不平等秩序,甚至与政府目标背道而驰,最终对权力关系产生挑战。当前,新型基础设施是对传统基础设施功能的补充和优化,但又进一步强化了基础设施的两面性特征,使政府治理同时面临新的机遇和挑战。未来应建立完善与新技术环境相适应的行政吸纳机制和精细化管理制度,培育"强国家"和"强社会"共同成长。对于基础设施的分析,不仅是理解权力运作的一个特殊视角,也能为提升政府治理能力提供重要的经验参考。

Infrastructure is not only a universal solution,but also a ubiquitous problem.On the one hand,the construction of infrastructure is not a mere engineering practice.As a tool for power operation,it can play a linking effect in both reality and imagination,providing channels and scenes for political integration and identity construction.On the other hand,the infrastructure dose not function exactly according to the ideal model.Its uncertainty may induce complex segregation effects,introduce new inequalities,or strengthen existing ones,or even run counter to government objectives and ultimately challenge power relations.At present,new types of infrastructure complement and optimize the functions of traditional infrastructure,but further strengthen the two-sided characteristics of infrastructure,making government governance face both new opportunities and challenges.In the future,we should establish and perfect the administrative absorption mechanism and precise management system adapted to the new technological environment,and foster the growth of a“strong country”and a“strong society”together.The analysis of infrastructure is not only a special perspective for understanding the operation of power,but also provides an important empirical reference for improving governmental governance capacity.