“海洋命运共同体”理念:从共识性话语到制度性安排——以BBNJ协定的磋商为契机

The Concept of Maritime Community with a Shared Future:The Transition from Consensus Discourse to Institutional Arrangement——from the Perspectives of BBNJ Instrumental Consultation

"海洋命运共同体"与"人类命运共同体"一脉相承,构建"海洋命运共同体"是"人类命运共同体"的应有之义,也是其在海洋领域的拓展和延伸,是中国深度参与国际海洋法制建设的话语创新和战略依托。"海洋命运共同体"理念的创新性话语表达,需要通过"嵌入"国际海洋法律规则加以固化,实现从共识性话语到制度性安排的转化。处于磋商阶段的BBNJ协定是《联合国海洋法公约》生效后最重要的国际海洋立法进程,为"海洋命运共同体"理念实现制度性安排提供了良好的契机。为此,我国需要加强海洋法治建设,完善"海洋命运共同体"建设的国内法路径,减少与国际社会交往和沟通的法律障碍,为实现国内法和国际法的良性互动奠定基础;在国际层面要充分利用国际海洋法制度建设平台,引领BBNJ协定的磋商,提升国际法的话语表达和规则制定能力,推动"海洋命运共同体"理念从共识性话语向制度性安排的转化。

"Maritime community with a shared future"is the expansion of a"community with a shared future for mankind"in maritime sphere,with the conceptual innovation and strategic value for China’s active participation in the construction of international law of the sea system in the new stage of development.The creative expression of the concept of"maritime community with a shared future"needs to be fully reflected and consolidated into international law of the sea system to accomplish the transition from consensus discourse to institutional arrangement.The ongoing negotiation of BBNJ instrument is the most important legislative process in the making of international law of the sea,providing an ideal opportunity for the integration of the concept of Maritime community with a shared future into the legal system.To speed up the transition of the concept of"Maritime community with a shared future"from consensus discourse to institutional arrangement,China needs to take efforts from both national and international fronts.At domestic level,China needs to improve the construction of national law of the sea,to develop the guidance role of the concept of maritime community with a shared future,and to accomplish the effective interaction between national and international laws.At the international front,China needs to make full use of the international platforms,to actively participate in the negotiation processes of legal instruments,to enhance the influence of the concept of Maritime community with a shared future in the implementation of international law,and to promote its transition from consensus discourse to institutional arrangement.