肠道微生态与认知功能障碍相互影响的研究进展

Research progress on the interplay between intestinal microecology and cognitive dysfunction

认知功能障碍主要指由于各种不同的原因诱发的认知功能损害,主要表现为学习、记忆、理解、执行等能力下降,可伴有不同程度的精神症状,严重者日常生活不能自理,最终可发展至痴呆.关于痴呆的发病机制,目前尚不清楚,除了Aβ淀粉样蛋白级联假说外,最近,越来越多报道微生物失调与许多脑部疾病有关,肠道细菌与中枢神经系统之间存在直接或间接的沟通,并提出了"微生物-肠-脑轴"的新概念.本文综述了近5年来有关肠道菌群和认知功能方面的相关进展,旨在为疾病的防治提供新的策略.

Cognitive impairment can be attributed to various causes.Its main manifestations in elude declines in learning.memory,understanding and executive fun ction,and may be accompanied by varying degrees of psychiatric symptoms.Dementia is characterized by progressive deterioration in multiple cognitive domains that is severe enough to interfere with daily functioning.The pathogenesis of dementia is still unclear.In addition to the mainstream Ap amyloid cascade hypothesis,recent research increasingly points to an association of microbial dysbiosis with many brain disorders.There is a direct or indirect link between gut bacteria and the central nervous system and consequently a new concept・lhe gut-brain axis,has been proposed.This paper will review recent advances in research on gut microbiota and cognitive function in the past five years,aiming to provide strategies for disease prevention and treatment.