突发公共卫生事件期间儿科护士心理韧性现状及影响因素分析

Current situation and influencing factors of psychological resilience of pediatric nurses during public health emergencies

目的调查突发公共卫生事件期间儿科护士心理韧性和应急救援知识、态度和行为的现状,并分析心理韧性的影响因素,旨在为护理管理者制订提高心理韧性策略提供依据,以进一步提升护理人员应对突发公共卫生事件水平。方法本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法,选取2020年2—4月全国儿童专科医院/综合医院儿科护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)和医务人员关于突发公共卫生事件应急救援知识、态度与行为调查表进行调查。本次调查共发放问卷13091份,回收有效问卷12750份,有效回收率为97.4%。结果12750名护士CD-RISC总得分为(65.53±15.55)分。多重线性回归分析显示,年龄、生育、职务、职称、儿科工作年限、医院所在地区经济分区、基础知识、心理知识、其他知识、应急救援态度和应急救援行为是突发公共卫生事件期间儿科护士心理韧性的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论我国儿科护士突发公共卫生事件期间的心理韧性水平有待提高,应重点关注≤40岁、未生育、初级职称、无职务、6~10年儿科工作年限、西部地区护士,加强应急救援基础知识/心理知识/其他知识培训,提高其应急救援态度和行为,以提高公共卫生事件时儿科护士的心理韧性水平。

Objective To explore the current situation of psychological resilience and emergency rescue knowledge,attitudes and practice of pediatric nurses during public health emergencies,and analyze the influencing factors of psychological resilience,aiming at providing a basis for nursing managers to formulate strategies to improve psychological resilience,so as to further improve nursing staff's response to public health emergencies level.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study.From February to April 2020,convenience sampling was adopted to select the pediatric nurses of the national children's hospitals or general hospitals as the research object.The General Information Questionnaire,the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Medical Practitioners about Emergency Rescue of Public Health Events were used for investigation.A total of 13091 questionnaires were distributed,and 12750 valid questionnaires were returned with the valid response rate of 97.4%.Results Among 12750 nurses,the total score of CD-RISC was(65.53±15.55).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age,fertility,position,title,years of pediatric work,economic zone of the hospital,basic knowledge,psychological knowledge,other knowledge,emergency rescue attitude and emergency rescue practice were the main influencing factors of the psychological resilience of pediatric nurses during public health emergencies(P<0.05).Conclusions The psychological resilience level of pediatric nurses in my country during public health emergencies needs to be improved.We should pay attention to nurses≤40 years old,have no child,junior professional title,no positions,6-10 years of pediatric work,and in the western region,and strengthen emergency rescue basic knowledge,psychological knowledge and other knowledge training,and improve their emergency rescue attitudes and behaviors,so as to improve the psychological resilience of pediatric nurses during public health events.