复杂曲面建筑的互承式构件设计及其数字化建造策略研究

Research on Reciprocal Components and Their Digital Fabrications for Complex-form Architecture

复杂曲面的建筑设计日益普遍,但因缺乏对曲面重构和构件单元的研究,普遍存在建造难度大、施工效率低的问题。文章针对曲面建筑,研发了新型构件单元和相应的数字建造策略,并在构筑物尺度的实践项目中进行了验证。本文受到生物上皮组织细胞在弯曲时形成的上下表面非等边盾状体(Scutoid)的启发,首先设计出具有互承特征、且能够随着曲面形态自动调节横截面形状参数的构件单元;然后基于该构件,将自由曲面划分和拟合成便于加工的单元来重构原始曲面;最后研究了利用机械臂对不同参数的构件进行加工的数字建造工艺。

The complex-form architecture is becoming increasingly common,but the lack of research on surface reconstruction and component units has generally led to the problems of high construction difficulty and low construction efficiency.In this study,new component units and corresponding digital fabrication techniques are developed to solve these problems,and the methodology is practiced and verified by a pavilion.First,a type of component unit is designed inspired by biological epithelial cells whose cross-sectional shape parameters could be automatically adjusted with the surface morphology.Then,the original surface is reconstructed by dividing and fitting it into optimized components by using computer programming technology.Finally,digital technologies of fabricating the components using a construction robot is developed.