教育、非正规就业与劳动者工资收入——基于CFPS数据的实证分析

Education,Informal Employment and the Income of Workers:An Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS Database

基于劳动力市场分割理论和劳动力市场竞争理论分析,利用CFPS数据和ESR模型探讨了教育对劳动者非正规就业和工资收入的影响,评估了教育对非正规就业者与正规就业者工资差异的贡献。研究结果表明:受教育年限越长的劳动者非正规就业的可能性越低;非正规就业者的工资收入和教育收益率显著低于正规就业者,教育扩大了非正规就业者与正规就业者的工资差异;非正规就业者与正规就业者的教育收益率都在本科阶段达到最高,本科教育在非正规就业与正规就业劳动力市场上均具有生产功能和信号功能。此研究对于全面认识非正规就业、深化教育改革和构建富有弹性的劳动力市场具有积极意义。

The paper makes theoretical analysis based on the theories of labor market segmentation and labor market competition,and CFPS data and ESR model are used to explore the impact of education on informal employment and income of workers.The contribution of education to income differences between informal and formal employees is evaluated.The results show that workers with longer years of education have lower probability of engaging in informal employment.The income and the rate of return to education of informal employees are significantly lower than that of the formal employees,so education widens the income gap between the informal and the formal employees.The rate of return to education of both the formal and informal employees reaches the maximum at the period of undergraduate education,so undergraduate education presents both the signaling function and productivity function in the labor market of informal and formal employment.The research is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of informal employment,deepening education reform and building a flexible labor market.