植被恢复后光伏电站内土壤团聚体分布特征和稳定性研究

Distribution characteristics and stability changes of soil aggregates in photovoltaic power stations after vegetation restoration

以光伏电站电板不同位置的土壤为研究对象,采用平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)以及分形维数(D)对前檐、列间和后檐的土壤机械稳定性团聚体进行分析,探讨电板位置对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响及其最佳评价指标的选择。结果表明:不同位置土壤团聚体含量、MWD及GMD均表现为列间>后檐>前檐,且列间质地粗化度值最小,土壤抗蚀力最强。前檐土壤大团聚体(>0.25mm)含量低,稳定性最差。同时相关分析表明,>2mm和2-0.25mm粒径的土壤团聚体含量与MWD和GMD均呈极显著正相关,而0.25-0.053mm和<0.053mm团聚体与MWD值以及GMD值均呈极显著负相关,所以>2mm和2-0.25mm的机械稳定性团聚体含量以及MWD和GMD可作为评价该区域土壤质量的重要参数。由于光伏电站迎风方向、水流冲刷以及人为干扰因素导致前檐土壤结构破坏,可以在其周围建设防护措施,从而实现电站内土壤可持续平衡发展。

Taking the soils at different positions of photovoltaic power station panels as the research object, the soil mechanically stable aggregates at front eave, interrow and rear eaves were analyzed by mean weight diameter(MWD), geometrical mean diameter(GMD) and fractal dimension number(D), and the influence of the position of panels on the stability of soil aggregates and the selection of the optimal evaluation indexes were discussed. The results showed that the soil aggregate content, MWD and GMD at different locations all showed the interrow> back eaves > front eaves, and the coarsening degree between columns was the smallest, and the soil corrosion resistance was the strongest. The content of large aggregates(>0.25 mm) in front eaves was lower, and the stability was the worst. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis showed that the contents of soil aggregates with 2 mm and 2~0.25 mm particle size were significantly positively correlated with MWD and GMD, while the contents of soil aggregates with 0.25~0.053 mm and <0.053 mm were significantly negatively correlated with MWD and GMD. Therefore, the content of mechanically stable aggregates of >2 mm and 2~0.25 mm, as well as MWD and GMD can be used as important parameters to evaluate soil quality in this area. Due to the windward direction of the photovoltaic power station, the erosion of water flow and human interference lead to the destruction of the soil structure of the front eaves, protective measures can be built around it to achieve the sustainable and balanced development of the soil in the power station.