兰州市城市公园鸟类群落组成与多样性分析

Structure and diversity of bird communities in urban parks of Lanzhou

2018年9月至2020年12月对兰州市中心城区4个公园的鸟类物种多样性及群落结构进行了调查,共记录到鸟类115种,隶属于16目43科80属。从居留型来看,夏候鸟33种,留鸟46种,旅鸟28种,冬候鸟8种。在鸟类区系方面,古北界鸟种7种(6.1%),广布种106种(92.2%),东洋界鸟种2种(1.7%)。在四个公园中,银滩湿地公园鸟类群落多样性最高(4.41),兰州植物园鸟类群落均匀度最高(1.14)。通过调查,掌握了兰州城市公园鸟类多样性的现状,同时也对各公园后续管理及建设提出科学可行的建议。

Based on a bird composition and diversity survey from Sep 2018 to Dec 2020 in 4 urban parks of Lanzhou, 115 species of birds, belonging to 80 genera, 43 families, and 16 orders were recorded.From the perspective of residential type, there are 33 summer migrants, 46 residents, 28 travelers and 8 winter migrants. With regard to the avifauna, the species of Palaearctic realm and widespread species take the proportion of 6.1% and 92.2%, respectively, while the species belonged to Oriental realm only accounts for 1.7%. Among the 4 urban parks, Yintan wetland park presents the highest bird diversity, Lanzhou Botanical Garden presents the highest evenness. At the same time, scientific and feasible suggestions were put forward for the follow-up management and construction of various parks.