《宋书·州郡志》文本的形成与户口、道里析证

The Formation of Songshuzhoujunzhi and the Analysis of Registered Residence and Course

沈约所撰《宋书·州郡志》,用以参考的何承天国史《州郡志》以元嘉二十年为下限,徐爰国史《州郡志》以大明八年为下限。但沈约又将地理志的下限与标准年代混为一谈。《宋书·州郡志》所载区划以徐志为蓝本调整而成;所载州郡户口数据本之徐志;州、郡之道里,除雍州、郢州为徐爰或沈约增补、修正外,大体以何志为准。故《宋书·州郡志》所示区划下限为刘宋昇明末,但并无标准年代;所示户口是大明八年前的数据;所示道里大体是元嘉二十年前的数据。区划、户口、道里的年份不相匹配,原因在于《宋书·州郡志》文本由徐志、何志叠加而来。

The national history Zhoujunzhi(州郡志)written by He Chengtian was till the twentieth year of Yuanjia,and the national history Zhoujunzhi written by Xu Yuan was till the eighth year of Daming.Both of them were referred by Songshuzhoujunzhi(《宋书·州郡志》)written by Shen Yue.But Shen Yue confused the cut-off time of Geographical Chorography with standard age.The region of Songshuzhoujunzhi was adjusted from Xuzhi(徐志),and the residence data of state and county came from Xuzhi.The road and mileage of Yongzhou and Yingzhou were supplemented by Shen Yue or Xu Yuan,and the others were from Hezhi(何志);therefore the region of Songshuzhoujunzhi was till the end of Liu-Song Shengming without standard age,the residence data was before the eighth year Daming,and the road and mileage were before the twentieth year Yuanjia.The ages of region,residence data,road and mileage were mismatched,because Songshuzhoujunzhi was composited by Xuzhi and Hezhi.