早产儿出院时直接母乳喂养影响因素的研究进展

Factors of direct breastfeeding at hospital discharge in preterm infants

实现早产儿出院时直接母乳喂养是一个非常复杂的过程。出院时直接母乳喂养不仅可以反映医疗机构的医疗水平,而且可以决定早产儿出院后母乳喂养的持续时间和质量。该文主要从早产儿母亲、早产儿、卫生医疗机构三方面阐述新生儿重症监护室早产儿出院时直接母乳喂养的影响因素及相应的干预措施,建议新生儿重症监护室配备国际泌乳顾问,准确识别和处理影响早产儿出院时直接母乳喂养的障碍因素,促进多学科合作,制定多元化的母乳喂养支持方案,提高早产儿出院时直接母乳喂养率。

Direct breastfeeding at discharged of premature infants is a complicated process.Direct breastfeeding at discharge can not only reflect the level of medical institutions,but also determine the duration and quality of breastfeeding for premature infants after discharge.This article mainly expounds the influencing factors and corresponding intervention measures of direct breastfeeding of premature infants discharged from neonatal intensive care unit at three aspects:mothers of premature infants,premature infants and health care institutions.International lactation consultants are recommended for NICU to accurately identify and deal with the factors affecting direct breastfeeding disorders of premature infants at discharge.We should promote multidisciplinary cooperation and develop diversified breastfeeding support programs for hospitalized premature infants,so as to improve the direct breastfeeding rate of premature infants.