三阴性乳腺癌精准诊疗的挑战与展望

Challenges and perspectives for the precise and personalized therapies of triple negative breast carcinoma

三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)是高度异质性与侵袭性的乳腺癌亚型,由于目前缺乏较为明确的治疗靶点,化疗依然是TNBC的主要治疗手段,但病变易复发、转移,临床预后差。近年来,多组学新技术的应用与发现,尤其是蛋白质基因组学、单细胞组学等研究及个体化临床试验取得的新进展,为TNBC精准化和个体化诊疗带来新的曙光。该文就当前TNBC分子分型和精准治疗新进展等进行综述。

Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly heterogenous and aggressive subtype of breast carcinoma,characterized by lack of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2).Chemotherapy remains as standard therapeutic regimens for patients with TNBC due to lack of recognizedly actionable targets.However,treatment resistance,local relapse and metastasis are still the extreme challenges in clinical practice of TNBC.Recent discoveries from clinical multi-omics and advancement of clinical trials including proteogenomics,single cell omics and metabolomics lead to the development of novel therapeutic regimens for TNBC,including combination of chemotherapy or targeting therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Rapid advancement of cancer molecular subtyping and precision oncology will shed novel light on the precise and personalized therapies for TNBC.This review summarizes new insights into molecular subtype and personalized treatment of TNBC.