磁性纳米颗粒的产热机制及在肿瘤热疗中的应用

Heat Generation Mechanism of Magnetic Nanoparticles and their Applications in Tumor Thermotherapy

磁热疗是继放射治疗、化学药物治疗后新兴的一种微创肿瘤治疗手段。磁性纳米颗粒在外加磁场下靶向病变部位并积集于此,在交变磁场中磁滞或弛豫产热,使病变部位快速升温。磁热在肿瘤微环境使其发生蛋白质变性、DNA损伤、免疫系统激活等,可在短时间内安全有效地杀死肿瘤细胞。综述磁性纳米颗粒的产热机制,在肿瘤磁热疗中与细胞的相互作用,及与其他肿瘤治疗方式的协同作用,并讨论其对细胞毒性和治疗的副作用。

Magnetic hyperthermia is a new non-invasive tumor therapy following radiotherapy and chemotherapy,in which,magnetic nanoparticles were targeted delivered to the lesion sites under the applied magnetic fields and generated heat rapidly in the alternating magnetic fields.Magnetic hyperthermia made the protein denaturation,DNA damage or immune system activation in tumor microenvironment,which killed tumor cells safely and effectively in a short time.This paper reviewed the heat generation mechanisms of magnetic nanoparticles,the interactions of magnetic nanoparticles and cells in tumor therapy progress,and the synergistic effects between magnetic hyperthermia and other tumor therapies,such as chemotherapy,radiotherapy,photodynamic therapy,immune therapy.The biosafety of magnetic nanomaterials was also discussed from the aspects of cytotoxicity and clinical side effects.