摘要
走出中世纪的英国社会迅速扁平化,约曼和手工业者的变化最大,前者逐渐成为英国服务品质的代名词,后者有的跻身绅士阶层,有的沉沦为乞丐。研究通过《驯悍记》观照英国平民群像,以及英国社会转型期的城市发展与扶贫济困行动,分析英国戏剧在文艺复兴时期是如何兴盛的,以及英国是如何逐步转向现代国家的。
Early modem England witnessed the rapid flat structuring of the society,especially the strata of yeomen and craftsmen.The former earned a good name for the English service industry and the latter polarized into the gentry or vagrants.Drawing examples from the Taming of the Shrew and the Bard’s glossary that has passed into English,this essay attempts to offer an insight into the English commonality and the urbanization drive supplemented by the Act for the Relief of the Poor 1601,as well as the way that the Elizabethan theater flourished and the country developed into a modem nation-state.
关键词
《驯悍记》
约曼
手工业者
《济贫法案》
伊丽莎白时期戏剧
The Taming of the Shrew,yeoman
craftsman
Act for the Relief of the Poor 1601
Elizabethan theater
