2018年福建省流行性腮腺炎血清学及病毒基因型监测

Serological and genotypic surveillance of mumps in Fujian province,2018

目的了解福建省2018年健康人群腮腺炎病毒(mumps virus,MuV)抗体水平和基因分型情况。方法运用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定人群静脉血IgG抗体水平;采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)检测腮腺炎现症患者咽拭子标本及细胞培养物中MuV的小疏水蛋白(small hydrophobin,SH)基因序列,通过SH基因序列构建系统进化树鉴定MuV基因型别。结果完成血清学检测4925人,MuV IgG抗体阳性3780人,阳性率78.58%,抗体几何平均浓度(geometric mean concentration,GMC)为245.83 IU/ml。不同性别人群的抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义,而GMC具有统计学差异(χ^(2)=4.295,P=0.117;Z=-2.220,P=0.026)。抗体阳性率和GMC在不同地区人群之间以及不同年龄组人群之间均具有统计学差异(P<0.001),其中抗体阳性率和GMC最低的为<1岁组的婴幼儿,其次为12~15岁组人群。有含MuV成分的疫苗(mumps-containing vaccine,MuCV)免疫史人群的抗体阳性率和GMC均高于无MuCV免疫史人群及MuCV免疫史不详人群,三者差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=259.315,P<0.001;Z=-16.319,P<0.001)。病毒基因型表明2018年福建省2起腮腺炎疫情中分离出的2株活病毒及6例咽拭子核酸阳性标本均为F基因型。结论2018年福建省流行性腮腺炎婴幼儿及12~15岁人群组的抗体水平较低,其中12~15岁人群组为重点关注对象;MuV主要是以F基因型毒株流行为主。

Objective To investigate the level of mumps virus(MuV)IgG antibody of healthy population and the genotyping of MuV in Fujian province in 2018.Methods MuV IgG antibody of healthy population was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Small hydrophobin(SH)gene of MuV was genotyped in pharyngeal swab and cell cultures of mumps patients using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The phylogenetic tree by SH sequences was constructed to identify MuV genotype.Results A total of 4925 people completed antibody testing,the positive rate of MuV IgG antibody was 78.58%(3780/4925),and the geometric mean concentration(GMC)was 245.83 IU/ml.There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of antibodies between people of different genders,while GMC had statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=4.295,P=0.117;Z=-2.220,P=0.026).There were significant differences in the positive rate of antibodies and GMC between people in different regions and age groups.Especially in infants and 12-15 years old group of people,the MuV IgG antibody positive rate and GMC were at low levels.The antibody positive rate and GMC of people with a history of mumps-containing vaccine(MuCV)immunization were higher than those without a history of MuCV immunization and those with unknown MuCV immunization history(χ^(2)=259.315,P<0.001;Z=-16.319,P<0.001).Eight strains of MuV were isolated from the mumps outbreak,which were all F genotypes.Conclusion The immune level of mumps in infants and young children in Fujian province was low,and the 12-15 age group is the focus of attention.The epidemic strains of MuV in Fujian province in 2018 were mainly F genotype strains.