自然童话中的动物与人——论鲁迅对爱罗先珂的翻译、接受及其精神交往

Animals and Human Beings in Natural Fairy Tales:On Lu Xun’s Translation and Reception of Eroshenco

本文旨在以动物与人的关系为线索,探讨鲁迅对爱罗先珂的翻译、接受及其由此展现的相关思考。鲁迅在1921至1923年翻译了爱罗先珂的多篇童话,这些作品大多涉及动物与人的关系问题。爱罗先珂反对人类中心的叙事,并试图从动物界发掘拯救性力量,这契合了1920年代初期鲁迅内心深处对人类主体性的怀疑,同时鲁迅也像爱罗先珂一样,赞美动物的自然天性,批评人类文明的堕落。爱罗先珂多次描写因博爱而逾越自然法则的动物,以表达对现实秩序的不满;鲁迅在爱罗先珂童话中发现了自己早年追逐过的"白心"理想,但区别在于,鲁迅没有遁入幻想,而是立足在不完美的自然世界向强权者发出反抗的声音。

Based on the relationship between animals and human beings,this paper aims to explore Lu Xun ’s translation and acceptance of Eroshenco,and the related thoughts.Lu Xun translated a number of Eroshenco ’s fairy tales from 1921 to 1923,most of which dealt with the relationship between animals and human beings.Eroshenco opposed the anthropocentric narrative and tried to discover the saving power from the animal kingdom,which was in line with Lu Xun ’s deep suspicion of human subjectivity in the early 1920 s.At the same time,like Eroshenco,Lu Xun praised the nature of animals and criticized the degeneration of human civilization.In order to express his dissatisfaction with the realistic order,Eroshenco repeatedly described the animals who violated the natural law out of love.Lu Xun found the " white heart" ideal he had pursued in his early years in the fairy tales of Eroshenco,but the difference was that Lu Xun did not retreat into fantasy,instead,he set his feet in the imperfect natural world and rebelled against the powerful.