蚌埠市部分学龄前儿童乳牙龋患病情况及影响因素分析

The prevalence of deciduous tooth caries and its influencing factors in some preschool children in Bengbu city

目的:了解蚌埠市部分学龄前儿童乳牙龋患病情况及相关影响因素,为乳牙龋的防治提供参考。方法:选取蚌埠市6所幼儿园共计934名学龄前儿童进行健康调查,统计乳牙龋病例数、患龋率、龋均并对此进行分析。结果:934名学龄前儿童的患龋率为42.4%,龋均为1.5。男童和女童的患龋率分别为40.7%和44.3%,龋均分别为1.5和1.4。不同性别的儿童患龋率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同年龄段的患龋率、龋均差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄、母亲的最高学历、睡前或刷牙后喝奶吃零食、过去一年是否有牙痛或不适、过去一年是否看过牙、监护人营养《口腔健康知识-态度-行为问卷》得分和甜饮料摄入频率等因素对学龄前儿童的龋病患病发生有显著影响(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:蚌埠市3~6岁的学龄前儿童随着年龄增长,乳牙龋病发生率呈现增长趋势。为减少乳牙龋病发病率,应纠正儿童的不良生活习惯,减少甜饮料的摄入,注重口腔卫生,加强监护人的口腔健康教育。

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of caries in deciduous teeth among preschool children in Bengbu city,and provide the reference in the prevention and treatment of deciduous tooth caries.Methods:A total of 934 preschool children from 6 kindergartens in Bengbu city were selected for a health survey,and the number of deciduous tooth caries cases,caries incidence rate and caries were counted and analyzed.Results:The prevalence of primary teeth caries in 934 preschool children was 42.4%(396/934),the mean decayed-missing-filled-teeth(DMFT)index was 1.5.The caries prevalence and mean DMFT in boys and girls were 40.7%&1.5 and 44.3%&1.4,respectively.There was no statistical significance in the caries prevalence among the same sex children(P>0.05),and the differences of the caries incidence and DMFT among different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age,education level of mother,eating snacks before sleeping,toothache over the past year,see dentist over the past year,KAP score of the guardians and intake frequency of sweetened beverages had significant influence on the incidence rate of caries in preschool children(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The incidence rate of deciduous tooth caries in preschool children aged 3-6 years in Bengbu is increasing with age.In order to reduce the incidence rate of deciduous tooth caries,it is necessary to correct children′s bad living habits,reduce the intake of sweet drinks,pay attention to oral health and strengthen the oral health education of guardians.