杭州市轨道交通地下车站公共场所卫生学检测与评价

Hygienic detection and evaluation of public places in underground stations of rail transit in Hangzhou City

目的评价杭州市轨道交通地下车站公共场所卫生学状况并为相关部门管理提供依据。方法依据国家相关法规和卫生标准,对杭州市轨道交通16号线8个地下车站的公共场所进行卫生学评价,检测指标为微小气候、空气污染物、集中空调通风系统卫生学检测。结果 16号轨道交通地下车站站厅、站台公共场所温度、风速、照度、细菌总数、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醛、氨、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)浓度符合《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488-2019);集中空调通风系统新风量、PM10、细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌、积尘量、嗜肺军团菌符合《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(WS 394-2012)限值要求。集中空调通风系统在最小新风运行模式下,存在新风量不足的可能性。结论应加强对地下车站集中空调通风系统的设计、维护和管理,并开展地下车站空气质量对健康慢性影响的相关研究。

Objective To evaluate the sanitary conditions of public places in underground railway stations in Hangzhou City,and provide scientific basis for public health management. Methods The public places of 8 underground stations were evaluated in Hangzhou rail transit line 16. The microclimate,air pollutants and central air conditioning ventilation system were observed. Results The exposure levels of temperature,wind speed,illuminance,bacteria,carbon monoxide( CO),carbon dioxide( CO_(2)),benzene,toluene,xylene,formaldehyde,ammonia and particulate matter( PM10) in the underground station hall and platform met the requirements of Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places( GB 37488-2019). The concentrations of fresh air volume,PM_(10),bacteria,fungi,β-hemolytic streptococcus,dust accumulation and Legionella pneumophila in central air conditioning and ventilation system met the requirements of Hygienic Code for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places. However,there was the possibility of insufficient fresh air volume in the underground stations under the minimum fresh air operation mode. Conclusion It is essential to design,maintain and manage the central air conditioning and ventilation system in underground stations. It is also critical to conduct the related research about the chronic health risks of air quality in underground stations.