准使役介词“由”的语义性质及句法地位

The semantic properties and syntactic status of quasi causative preposition you (by)

引出施事的"由"是介词吗?它所构成的句子是被动句吗?文章通过分析"由"的句法语义结构来回答这些问题。首先,分析"由"字被动句的问题以及"功能范畴"解决方案的不足。随后,构建了"由"的句法语义结构,即"(使役力量)……由+必有论元_(施事)+谓词",并结合前人的研究以及语料统计数据详细分析了该结构,回答了为什么"由"具有准使役性的问题。最后,讨论了将"由"处理为准使役介词的优势:有利于解决"由"字句的句法问题,也有利于解决多义词"由"内部的语义联系问题。

Is you(by) a preposition with the function of introducing agent? Is the sentence formed by you(by) a passive one? This paper attempts to solve these puzzling pro-blems by analyzing the syntactic-semantic structure of you(by).First of all,this paper analyzes the problems of the you(by) passive sentence and the shortcomings of the functional category solution;then,it constructs a syntactic-semantic scheme of you(by),which is "(causative force) …+ you(by) + required argument agent + predicate",and analyzes it in detail based on the previous studies and corpus statistics,and answers the question of why you(by) is a quasi causative preposition.Finally,the advantages of treating you(by) as a quasi causative preposition are discussed,as being conducive to solving not only the syntactic but also the semantic problems of you(by).