粮食安全视角下省际耕地生态补偿的标准量化与机制构建

Standard quantification and mechanism construction of inter-provincial cultivated land ecological compensation from the perspective of food security

为促进全国耕地利用布局优化,保障粮食安全与生态服务的持续供给,立足粮食安全视角,在厘清省际耕地生态补偿的理论逻辑和补偿标准的测算思路基础上,运用机会成本损失与生态外溢价值法对2019年受偿区粮食安全保障的耕地生态补偿标准进行了量化研究。结果表明:1)研究区有17个省份处于粮食安全保障的耕地生态赤字区(支付区),14个省份为盈余区(受偿区),后者在满足自身粮食需求后,平均约有超过30%的耕地承载的粮食产量和生态服务供给了各生态赤字区;2)受偿区的受偿标准总额约为24673.4亿元,其中最高的3个省份是河南、山东、安徽,最低的3个省份是宁夏、甘肃、新疆。为此,提出要构建包括补偿主体—目标责任—补偿方式—资金来源构成的补偿机制和配套体系,进一步保障生态补偿的长效实施。

The aims of this study were to promote the national land use layout optimization,and sustain a continuous supply of food security and ecological services.Based on the perspective of food security,the clarification of the theoretical logic and compensation standard calculation for interprovincial arable land ecological compensation,the ecological compensation standard of food security in cultivated land area in 2019 were quantitatively studied by using the opportunity cost loss and ecological surplus value.The results showed as follows:1)A total of 17 provinces were in the cultivated land ecological deficit area(payment area),and 14 provinces were in the surplus area(compensation area).After the later provinces met their own food demand,about 30%of the cultivated land's grain yield and ecological services was supplied to each ecological deficit area.2)The total amount of compensation standard of the compensated areas is about 2467.34 billion Yuan,among which the highest three provinces are Henan,Shandong and Anhui,and the lowest three provinces are Ningxia,Gansu and Xinjiang.In conclusion,a compensation mechanism and supporting system,which includes the compensation subject,the target responsibility,the compensation mode and the source of funds,is put forward in this study to further ensure the long-term implementation of ecological compensation.