生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚如何影响新建企业选址

How Does the Co-agglomeration of Producer Services and Manufacturing Affect the Location of New Enterprises?

在全球服务链和价值链重构背景下,研究生产性服务业空间布局与微观企业区位选择的关系对优化资源空间配置效率及促进二三产业高质量融合发展具有重要意义。借助中国工业企业大样本微观数据,综合运用泊松分布模型、负二项回归模型和零膨胀负二项模型等方法,考察生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚对新建企业异质性选址决策行为的影响。结果显示:(1)生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚有助于吸引新建企业“用脚投票”进行选址决策,且在采用不同的实证方法及克服内生性问题等稳健性检验后这一结论仍显著成立;(2)生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚的影响效应存在异质性,生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚对出口型、沟通密集型、技术密集型新建企业的选址吸引力更为明显;(3)机制检验表明,生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚能够通过需求可达性、供给可达性、地方化经济和城市化经济等渠道影响新建企业选址决策。鉴于此,应基于异质性企业的生产性服务使用需求,进一步完善地方招商引资工作中的产业与空间匹配机制,强化服务供需侧可达性和集聚外部性效应,以高效高质的产业互动来吸引企业投资选址。

With the reconstructing global service chain and production value chain,it is significant to study the relationship between the spatial layout of producer services and location choice of micro enterprises for optimizing the efficiency of resource spatial allocation and promoting high-quality integration of secondary and tertiary industries.Based on the data of producer services and micro industrial enterprises,this paper investigates the impact of co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing on the heterogeneous location selection of newly established enterprises by Poisson Distribution Model,Negative Binomial Regression Model and Zero Inflation Negative Binomial Model.Main findings are as follows.(1)The co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing attracts more newly established enterprises to“vote with feet”to settle down and select locations.The conclusion is robust by the adoption of different empirical methods and consideration of endogenous issues.(2)The effects of the co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing are heterogeneous across different types of enterprises.Compared with the non export-oriented,non communication-intensive and labor-intensive or capital-intensive types of enterprises,the effects are more prominent on the location choices of export-oriented,communication-intensive and knowledge-intensive types of newly established enterprises.(3)The mechanism test shows that the co-agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing can affect the location of newly established enterprises by affecting the accessibility of demand,accessibility of supply,localization economies,and urbanization economies.Therefore,we should further improve the industrial and spatial matching mechanism in local investment attraction based on the demand of producer services of heterogeneous enterprises,strengthen the accessibility of supply and demand side and agglomeration externality effect of service sectors,and attract enterprises investment and location selection with efficient and high-quality industrial interaction.