基于广义DEA的中国西部地区县域脱贫工作效率研究

Research on the Efficiency of County Poverty Alleviation in Western China Based on Generalized DEA Model

中国西部地区受自然地理环境和经济社会发展水平等诸多因素的影响,是中国贫困发生率较高的地区.选取西部地区共291个贫困县域为研究对象,采用广义DEA方法对各县域2016-2019年的脱贫效率进行分析研究.研究发现:虽然中国西部地区各县域的脱贫效率均有所提升,2019年实现平均综合效率有效的省份占比64%,但仍有近30%的县域脱贫综合效率整体偏低.使用tobit模型对影响中国西部地区脱贫效率的因素进行分析,结果显示地区经济发展水平和居民生活水平均与脱贫效率呈正相关关系,且经济发展水平影响显著;而基础设施建设和政府财政支持对于脱贫综合效率呈显著的负相关关系.最后,应用本文研究结果,为中国西部地区实行乡村振兴战略提出相应政策建议.

Influenced by many factors,such as natural geographical environment and economic and social development level,the western region of China is the region with the highest incidence of poverty.Effective evaluation of poverty alleviation efficiency in the western region of China can lay a solid foundation for creating a new situation of rural revitalization.In this paper,a total of 291 poverty-stricken counties in the western region are selected as the research objects,and the poverty alleviation efficiency of each county from 2016 to 2019 is analyzed by using the generalized DEA method.It is found that,although the poverty alleviation efficiency of all counties in western China has been improved,64% of the provinces have achieved effective comprehensive efficiency in 2019,but nearly 30% of counties still have low overall poverty alleviation efficiency.The tobit model is used to analyze the factors affecting poverty alleviation efficiency in western China.It is found that the regional economic development level and residents’ living standards are positively correlated with poverty alleviation efficiency,and the economic development level has a significant impact;However,infrastructure construction and government financial support have a significant negative correlation with the comprehensive efficiency of poverty alleviation.Finally,according to the research results,it provides theoretical basis and policy suggestions for implementing rural revitalization strategy in western China.