大学生卡通面孔与真实面孔表情知觉的事件相关电位研究

Perceptual processing of cartoon face and real face expression of college students:an ERP study

目的探讨卡通面孔与真实面孔在表情知觉加工方式上的事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)差异。方法选取大学生30名,采用面孔识别范式,自变量为面孔类型(真实、卡通)、情绪类型(正性、中性、负性),因变量为反应时和ERP数据的波幅和潜伏期。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行重复测量方差分析。结果大学生卡通表情反应时[(455.58±55.18)ms]均短于真实面孔[(471.49±63.02)ms]。N170波幅、潜伏期在面孔类型、表情类型间差异无统计学意义(均P<0.05)。顶中正电位(vertex positive potential,VPP)潜伏期正性真实面孔[(159.89±13.93)ms]短于正性卡通面孔[(165.68±14.35)ms](P_(VPP)<0.05),易受到知觉负荷的影响,而负性情绪不受其影响。晚期正电位(late positive potential,LPP)在晚期加工阶段正性情绪真实面孔波幅[(10.4±1.22)μV]高于卡通面孔[(4.26±0.53)μV];负性情绪卡通面孔波幅[(3.84±0.36)μV]高于真实面孔[(1.9±0.24)μV](PLPP<0.05)。结论不同面孔类型在早期阶段N170无差异,晚期加工阶段,真实面孔对正性情绪识别具有整体优势效应,而负性情绪卡通面孔局部特征加工更具优越性。

Objective To explore the difference of perceptual processing in ERP between cartoon faces and real faces.Methods Thirty college students were selected and adopted the face recognition paradigm.The independent variables were face type(real,cartoon)and emotional type(positive,neutral,negative).The dependent variables were response time and the amplitude and latency of ERP data.SPSS 22.0 software was used for repeated measurement analysis of variance.Results The reaction time of cartoon expression((455.58±55.18)ms)was shorter than that of real face((471.49±63.02)ms)of college students.There was no significant difference in N170 amplitude and latency among different faces and expressions(all P>0.05).The vertex positive potential VPP latency of positive real faces((159.89±13.93)ms)was shorter than that of positive cartoon faces((165.68±14.35)ms)(P_(VPP)<0.05).It was easily affected by perceptual load,but negative emotion was not affected by it.In the late processing stage of late positive potential(LPP),the amplitude of positive emotional real face((10.4±1.22)μV)was higher than that of cartoon((4.26±0.53)μV),and that of negative emotional cartoon face((3.84±0.36)μV)was higher than that of real face((1.9±0.24)μV)(PLPP<0.05).Conclusion There are no differences in early stage N170,and the late processing stage,the real faces have an overall advantageous effect on positive emotion,and the local characteristics of negative emotional cartridge wells are more superior.