腹部枪弹伤特点及诊治现状

Characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of abdominal gunshot wound

腹部枪弹伤是一种涉及多系统、多器官的严重腹部创伤,死亡率较高,大多数伤者死于伤后24 h内。对于血流动力学不稳定和腹膜炎的病人,应尽快行诊断和治疗性急诊手术,以及时探查和控制潜在的腹腔内损伤,改善病人预后。手术主要原则是充分止血、清创、引流和修补,术后应积极预防和控制感染及其他并发症。新型武器弹药的出现使枪弹伤趋于复杂化,但新型医疗设备和技术研发则不断改善对腹部枪弹伤的诊疗能力和病人预后。

Abdominal gunshot wound is a severe abdominal trauma involving multiple systems and multiple organs,with a high mortality rate.Most of the deaths occur within 24 hours.For patients with hemodynamic instability and peritonitis,urgent diagnostic and therapeutic surgery should be performed to timely detect and control potential intraperitoneal injuries.The main principles of surgery are adequate hemostasis,debridement,drainage and repair.Active prevention and control of infection and other complications after surgery are also crucial for the prognosis.Nowadays,new weapons make gunshot wounds more complicated,but the development of new medical equipment and technology is continuously improving the capability to diagnosis and treatment for abdominal gunshot wounds and the prognosis of patients。