可持续的乡村建设与村庄公共品供给--困境、原因与制度优化

SUSTAINABLE RURAL CONSTRUCTION AND PUBLIC GOODS PROVISION:PREDICAMENTS,CAUSES,AND INSTITUTIONAL OPTIMIZATION

以成渝地区3个村庄作为实证研究对象,解析政府主导、政府与资本联合主导、村民自筹自建三种乡村建设路径的制度框架以及在村庄公共品建设与维护方面的绩效、困境或不足。研究发现,在政府、市场主体、村民的博弈中,村庄公共品供给难以持续的根本原因是供给者与受益者的不一致。在乡村建设中落实村民主体地位、激发内生动力是解决问题的关键。本文结合地方性的制度创新与实践经验,提出既有乡村建设路径的优化构想,并针对激发村民内生动力问题提出政策建议,从而保障村民的平等权利并赋能于民、创富于民,实现可持续的乡村建设与治理目标。

Taking three villages in Chengdu-Chongqing region as the object of empirical research,this paper analyzes the institutional framework for the three kinds of rural construction paths,i.e.,government leading,government-capital co-leading,and villagers’self-built,and discusses the achievements,predicaments,or deficiencies in the construction and maintenance of village public goods.The research shows that in the game between the government,the market entity,and villagers,the primary cause for the unsustainable provision of village public goods is the inconsistency between the supplier and the beneficiary.The key to solving this problem is to make villagers as the principal body in rural construction and stimulate their endogenous power.Combined with local institutional innovation and practical experience,this paper puts forward optimization strategies for the existing rural construction paths,and proposes policy suggestions for the stimulation of villagers’endogenous power,so as to guarantee the equal rights of villagers and realize the sustainable rural construction and governance through empowering and enriching villagers.