某钒尾矿库周边土壤重金属污染评价

Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in soils near a vanadium tailings pond

为定量评价钒尾矿库周边土壤重金属污染程度,采用地积累指数法、内梅罗指数法、潜在生态危害指数法等3种方法结合进行土壤重金属污染综合评价。结果表明,尾矿库周边土壤存在重金属Cd、Ni、As、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb含量积累和超标情况,Cd的超标率最大,Ni、As次之。总体上,尾矿库周边土壤中Cd为主要污染因子,其次为Ni、As,其它重金属元素贡献较小。生态风险评价表明,Cd、Ni为主要生态危害元素,Cd以较高风险为主,Ni为中度风险。该钒尾矿库对周边土壤的影响不容忽视,应加强重金属污染的污染防治。

In order to quantitatively evaluate pollution degree of heavy metal in soils near the vanadium tailings pond,the geoaccumulation index method,nemerow index method and potential ecological hazard index method were used to comprehensively evaluate pollution degree of heavy metal.The results showed that the heavy metals such as Cd,Ni,As,Cr,Cu,Zn and Pb contents were accumulated in soils near the vanadium tailings pond,and the soils were polluted according to common soil evaluation standard,with the most serious contamination by Cd,followed by Ni and As.In general,Cd was the most important pollution factor in the soils near the vanadium tailings pond,followed by Ni and As,while other heavy metal elements were not the primary factors.Ecological risk assessment showed that Cd and Ni were the main ecological hazard elements,Cd was mainly at high risk,and Ni was at moderate risk.The influence of the vanadium tailings pond on the surrounding region was indispensable,the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution should be strengthened.