碳中和目标下交通领域绿色发展对策分析

Green Transportation Development Strategies Under the Carbon Neutrality Goal

交通领域一直以来都是温室气体排放的主要领域之一,碳中和目标的提出将给交通领域的发展带来极为深远的影响。通过梳理交通运输需求、运输方式、土地开发利用模式等对交通领域碳排放的多元化影响,指出交通领域碳减排面临的主要困境和挑战。为应对这些挑战,提出从交通工具的新能源化、交通运输结构优化、居民出行方式转变等方面制定应对策略。交通工具层面,持续推动小汽车的新能源化;交通运输结构层面,构建以电气化铁路运输为骨干的多式联运绿色物流体系;居民出行层面,通过推动交通与土地利用一体化,推广绿色出行碳普惠机制等措施引导居民出行方式由小汽车向公共交通、步行以及骑行等转变。

Transportation has long been one of the major contributors of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Setting the carbon neutrality goal will profoundly affect transportation development.This paper presents an analysis of major dilemma and challenges in the transportation sector with respect to carbon emissions reduction,including the discussion of diversified impacts of transportation demand,travel modes,land use development,and other factors.The paper proposes strategies to address the challenges from several aspects,such as new energy for vehicles,transportation mode share optimization,and residents'travel mode change.For vehicles,it is necessary to consistently enhance the utilization of new energy in private cars.For transportation mode share,the paper highlights the development of a green multimodal logistics system that relies on electrified railways as the backbone.For residents'mobility,the paper proposes to promote residents'travel mode change from private cars to public transit,walking,and biking through measures such as transportation and land development integration and carbon credits for green mobility.