医学院校大学生领导力现状与特点调查研究

Investigation research on the current situation and characteristics of medical college students’leadership

目的以五大实践行为为核心调查内容,探讨医学院校大学生领导力的现状和特点。方法以2021年7—8月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院(首都医科大学第六临床医学院)在校大学生为研究对象开展领导力方面的问卷调查。共发放调查问卷335份,收回有效问卷329份。根据调查结果分析医学院校大学生个人基本情况、对领导力的了解特点,结合国际公认的卓越领导力五大实践行为的理论知识,比较分析医学院校大学生领导力每项实践的具体行为特点。结果在对领导力认识现状的调查中,了解大学生领导力学生占40.1%(132/329)。不同政治面貌学生对领导力的认识了解情况有所差异,中国共产党党员中了解领导力、修过领导力课程、阅读过领导力领域文章的比例显著高于群众[50.5%(48/95)比32.6%(15/46)、8.4%(8/95)比4.3%(2/46)、31.6%(30/95)比21.7%(10/46)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。在以身作则、共启愿景、挑战现状、使众人行、激励人心领导力五项核心实践行为方面,医学院校大学生在每一项领导力实践行为方面平均得分都分别低于满分和测评工具中提供的观察者平均得分。结论医学院校大学生领导力方面的素质能力具有明显不足。为有效应对全球范围突发公共卫生事件迭起等类似情况,加强对医学院校大学生领导力的培养具有重要意义。

Objective To discuss the current situation and characteristics of medical college students’leadership based on the five core survey contents of practical behavior.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted with undergraduates in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University(the No.6 School of Clinical Medicine of Capital Medical University)to investigate the students’leadership from July to August 2021.A total of335 questionnaires were distributed and 329 valid questionnaires were collected.Based on all the submitted questionnaires,basic personal situation and comprehension of leadership characteristics of medical college students were analyzed,and combining the theoretical knowledge of five leadership practices internationally recognized,the specific behaviors of each practice of medical college students’leadership characteristics were compared.Results In the survey on the status of leadership awareness,40.1%(132/329)students knew leadership.Students with different political status had different understanding of leadership.The proportions of the Communist Party of China members who knew leadership,took leadership courses and read articles in the field of leadership were significantly higher than those of the masses[50.5%(48/95)vs 32.6%(15/46),8.4%(8/95)vs 4.3%(2/46),31.6%(30/95)vs 21.7%(10/46)](all P<0.01).The scores of medical college students on five core leadership practical behavior,including model the way,inspire a shared vision,challenge the process,enable others to act and encourage the heart,were lower than the full scores and the mean score of observers provided in the assessment tool.Conclusions The quality and ability of leadership in medical college students are obviously insufficient.In order to effectively deal with the global public health emergencies and other similar situations,it is of great significance to strengthen the leadership training of medical students in medical college.