水下金属的腐蚀电场诱发西伯利亚鲟摄食行为反应

Feeding response of Acipenser baerii to a metal rod evoked by a corrosion electric field

鲟具有古老的电感受系统,但鲟的电感受功能一直是有争议和被忽略的研究方向。为确定西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)电感受在摄食中的作用,本研究通过行为学的方法,研究了人工养殖的西伯利亚鲟对水下铝棒、绝缘铝棒和塑料棒的行为反应。西伯利鲟对水下铝棒、绝缘铝棒和塑料棒都产生了类似觅食的绕棒反应,且绕棒次数没有显著差异(P>0.05);但鲟对铝棒比对绝缘铝棒和塑料棒有更强烈吸吮棒表面的行为反应(P<0.01),鲟对铝棒的摄食偏好强度为2,而对绝缘铝棒和塑料棒的摄食偏好强度为0.96和0.28,表明水下腐蚀电场诱发了西伯利亚鲟摄食反应,鲟的电感受在摄食行为的最后阶段起到了饵料判别的作用。本研究结果也表明,对金属腐蚀电场的反应可以作为验证鲟电感受是否存在的一个行为模型,同时也对鲟资源的保护提出了新的思路。

The passive electrosense is a primitive sense in the sturgeon and paddlefish. These fishes can sense environments by detecting the weak electric fields of bioelectric and non-bioelectric origins. Nevertheless, the electrosensory function of sturgeon has always been controversial and, in the past year, has been poorly investigated.To quickly and non-invasively assess sturgeon electroreception, the behavioral responses of cultured Siberian sturgeons to underwater aluminum rods, insulated aluminum rods, and plastic rods were assessed using behavioral methods. The aluminum rod produces a weak corrosion electric field with an amplitude of 90 μV under water,whereas the insulated aluminum rod and plastic rod do not. There was no significant difference in the frequencies of rod circling for the aluminum rod, insulated aluminum rod, and plastic rod(P>0.05). However, the sturgeon exhibited more snaps to the aluminum rod than the insulated aluminum rod and plastic rod(P<0.01). The feeding preference intensity of the sturgeon for the aluminum rod was 2, while for the insulated aluminum rods and plastic rods it was 0.96 and 0.28, respectively. This indicates that the corrosion electric field underwater evoked a feeding response from the Siberian sturgeon. The electrosense of sturgeons may play a role in prey discrimination at the last stage of striking behavior in feeding. The results also indicate that the reaction to the corrosion electric field of metals can be used as a behavioral model to verify the electroreception in sturgeons;they also provide a new concept that may help in the conservation of sturgeons as a resource.