青海甘德县高寒区播期对7个燕麦品种产量和品质的影响

Effects of sowing date on yield and quality of seven oat varieties in the high-cold area of GandeCounty,Qinghai Province

为筛选出适宜甘德高县寒地区种植的优良燕麦(Avena sativa)品种及其最佳播期,研究了7个燕麦品种4个播期(2020年5月23日、5月30日、6月6日、6月13日)的生产性能和营养品质,并运用灰色关联度和聚类分析进行了综合评价。结果表明:5月30日播种的梦龙干草产量最高,为20022 kg/hm^(2),莫妮卡次之,为19835 kg/hm^(2),5月30日播种的陇燕3号粗蛋白含量最高,为5.57%。随着播期推迟,7个燕麦品种分蘖数呈先增加后减小趋势,茎基直径逐渐减小。利用干草产量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和可溶性糖含量的相对值进行灰色关联度综合评价得出,在甘德县高寒地区,5月23日种植的青海444综合表现最优,其次是5月30日种植的青引2号。通过聚类分析将其分为干草产量高、干草产量低、粗蛋白含量高、粗蛋白含量低4大类。

This study aimed to select the suitable varieties and the optimum sowing date of Avena sativa in Gande alpine region.The production performance and nutritional quality of seven oat varieties at four sowing dates(May 23,May 30,June 6,June 13,2020)were comprehensively evaluated using grey correlation and cluster analysis.The results showed that among all varieties with different sowing dates,the hay yield of Menglong sown on May 30 was the highest(20022 kg/hm^(2)),followed by Monika(19835 kg/hm^(2)),and Longyan No.3 sown on May 30 had the highest crude protein content(5.57%).With the delay of sowing date,the tiller number of seven oat varieties increased first and then decreased,and the stem base diameter decreased gradually.Based on the relative values of hay yield,crude protein content,neutral detergent fiber content,acid detergent fiber content and soluble sugar content,the comprehensive evaluation of grey correlation showed that Qinghai No.444 planted on May 23 had the best comprehensive performance,followed by Qingyin No.2 planted on May 30.There were four categories including high hay yield,low hay yield,high crude protein content and low crude protein content,according to the cluster analysis.