miRNA与肾脏疾病的研究进展

Research progress of miRNA and kidney diseases

微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是真核生物中广泛存在的一种长19~23个核苷酸的RNA分子,可调节基因的表达,其在调控基因表达、细胞周期、生物体发育时序等方面起重要作用。随着近年来对人类对miRNA研究的不断深入,目前其已成为肾脏疾病生物标记物的研究热点之一,对于各种肾脏疾病(急性肾损伤、狼疮性肾病、糖尿病肾病、慢性肾脏病、原发性肾小球肾炎等)的早期诊断、预测预后、治疗评估等方面具有潜在的应用价值。但目前人类对miRNA的认识仍未能够完全阐述清楚肾脏疾病的发病机制、早期诊断、相关指导治疗及预后,需要进一步的临床研究去阐明miRNA与肾脏疾病的关系,以期为肾脏疾病的早期诊断、治疗、预后提供一定的参考依据。

MicroRNA(microRNA,miRNA)is a kind of RNA molecule with a length of 19 to 23 nucleotides,which widely exists in eukaryotes and can regulate gene expression.It plays an important role in regulating gene expression,cell cycle,development sequence of organisms.With the deepening of human research on miRNA in recent years,it has become one of the research hotspots of biomarkers of kidney diseases,which has potential application value in early diagnosis,prognosis prediction and treatment evaluation of various kidney diseases(acute kidney injury,lupus nephropathy,diabetic nephropathy,chronic kidney disease,primary glomerulonephritis).However,human understanding of miRNA has not fully explained the pathogenesis,early diagnosis,related treatment and prognosis of kidney diseases.Further clinical research is needed to clarify the relationship between miRNA and kidney diseases,in order to provide a certain reference for early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of kidney diseases.