皖江城市带旅游生态效率评价及影响因素分析

Evaluation of Tourism Eco-Efficiency and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Wanjiang Urban Belt

采用非期望产出的Super-SBM模型和Tobit模型,测算皖江城市带2010-2019年9个城市的旅游生态效率,探讨了其总体效率水平、区域差异和影响因素。研究表明:各年旅游生态效率均值在0.744-0.938之间,整体呈波动式"降低-上升-降低-上升"状态,总体上皖江城市带旅游生态效率良好。城市旅游生态效率均值在0.394-1.205之间浮动,各地区旅游生态效率差异显著,旅游生态效率排序为合肥、芜湖、池州、安庆、六安、铜陵、马鞍山、滁州、宣城。变异系数从2010年的0.327变化到2019年0.412,区域差异增加了25.99%,期间呈"尖峰状"波动。旅游产业结构、旅游者消费水平、绿化水平与旅游生态效率显著正相关,旅游业发展水平、政府干预对旅游生态效率呈显著负相关。

This paper uses the Super-SBM model and Tobit model of unexpected output to measure the tourism ecological efficiency of 9 cities in the Wanjiang urban belt from 2010 to 2019,and discusses its overall efficiency level,regional differences and influencing factors.The research shows that:the average value of tourism eco-efficiency in each year is between 0.744-0.938,and the overall eco-efficiency of tourism in the Wanjiang urban belt is good;The average value of urban tourism eco-efficiency fluctuates between 0.394-1.205.There are significant differences in tourism eco-efficiency among regions.The order of tourism eco-efficiency is Hefei,Wuhu,Chizhou,Anqing,Liu’an,Tongling,Ma’anshan,Chuzhou,Xuancheng;the coefficient of variation changed from 0.327 in 2010 to 0.412 in 2019,and the regional difference increased by 25.99%.During the period,it fluctuated in a"spike-like"manner;tourism industry structure,tourist consumption level,greening level and tourism ecological efficiency are significantly positively correlated,and tourism development level and government intervention are significantly negatively correlated to tourism ecological efficiency.