达雷妥尤单抗治疗复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤不良反应分析与护理

Analysis and Nursing of Adverse Reactions of Daretuzumab in the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma

目的通过分析达雷妥尤单抗治疗复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤的不良反应,采用相应的护理措施,减轻患者不良反应。方法选取2019年9月1日-2020年4月30日收治的28例复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤患者作为对照组,采用常规护理方法。选取2020年6月1日-2020年10月31日收治30例患者,通过分析不良反应发生原因及情况,实施针对性护理措施,对比2组患者用药后不良反应情况、症状自评量表结果比较。结果不良反应发生率对照组33.57%,观察组14%,2组对比具有统计学意义。其中对照组IRR 20例(71.43%);胃肠系统反应12例(42.86%);骨髓抑制8例(28.57%);感染2例(7.14%);中重度疼痛5例(16.67%),观察组患者输注相关反应6例(20.00%);胃肠系统反应5例(16.67%);骨髓抑制7例(23.33%);感染1例(3.33%);中重度疼痛2例(6.67%),2组对比输注相关反应、胃肠系统反应、中重度疼痛具有统计学意义,观察组症状自评量表阳性症状平均分(1.52±0.64分)低于对照组症状自评量表阳性症状平均分(1.93±0.59分),2组比较差异具有统计学意义。结论达雷妥尤单抗治疗复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤,采用有效的护理措施可以减轻患者的不良反应,提高患者生活质量。

Objectives To analyze the adverse reactions of daretuuzumab in the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma,and adopt corresponding nursing measures to alleviate the adverse reactions of patients.Methods From September 1st,2019 to April 30th,2020,28 patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma were selected as the control group,and conventional nursing methods were adopted.Thirty patients admitted from June 1st,2020 to October 31st,2020 were selected to analyze the causes and conditions of ADR and implement targeted nursing measures to compare the ADR and symptom self-rating scale results of the two groups after medication.Results The incidence of ADR was 33.57% in the control group and 14%in the observation group.The comparison between the two groups was statistically significant.The control group had 20 cases of IRR(71.43%).Gastrointestinal system reaction was found in 12 patients(42.86%).8 cases of bone marrow suppression(28.57%);2 cases(7.14%)were infected.5 cases of moderate and severe pain(16.67%),6 cases of infusion-related reaction(20.00%)in control group;5 cases of gastrointestinal system reaction(16.67%);Bone marrow suppression in 7 cases(23.33%);1 case(3.33%)was infected.There were 2 cases of moderate and severe pain(6.67%),and the comparison between the two groups showed statistically significant differences in infusion-related reactions,gastrointestinal system reactions and moderate and severe pain.The mean positive symptom score of the self-rating symptom scale in the observation group(1.52±0.64)was lower than that in the control group(1.93±0.59),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.Conclusions Effective nursing measures could alleviate the adverse reactions of patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma and improve the quality of life of patients.